full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Krishna Sudhir: How do cigarettes affect the body?

Unscramble the Blue Letters

Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the likelihood of infections, as well as croihnc diseases like btiirnhcos and emphysema. It does this by dnamiagg the cilia, tiny hairlike structures whose job it is to keep the airways clean. It then fills the alveoli, tiny air sacs that ebnale the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood. A toxic gas called carbon monoxide crosses that membrane into the blood, binding to hemoglobin and dincpsliag the oxygen it would usually have transported around the body. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to ogyexn deprivation and shortness of brtaeh.

Open Cloze

Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the likelihood of infections, as well as _______ diseases like __________ and emphysema. It does this by ________ the cilia, tiny hairlike structures whose job it is to keep the airways clean. It then fills the alveoli, tiny air sacs that ______ the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood. A toxic gas called carbon monoxide crosses that membrane into the blood, binding to hemoglobin and __________ the oxygen it would usually have transported around the body. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to ______ deprivation and shortness of ______.

Solution

  1. damaging
  2. enable
  3. displacing
  4. oxygen
  5. bronchitis
  6. chronic
  7. breath

Original Text

Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the likelihood of infections, as well as chronic diseases like bronchitis and emphysema. It does this by damaging the cilia, tiny hairlike structures whose job it is to keep the airways clean. It then fills the alveoli, tiny air sacs that enable the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood. A toxic gas called carbon monoxide crosses that membrane into the blood, binding to hemoglobin and displacing the oxygen it would usually have transported around the body. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen deprivation and shortness of breath.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
carbon monoxide 2
blood vessel 2
lung cancer 2
blood pressure 2
heart disease 2

Important Words

  1. air
  2. airways
  3. alveoli
  4. binding
  5. blood
  6. body
  7. breath
  8. bronchitis
  9. called
  10. carbon
  11. chronic
  12. cilia
  13. clean
  14. crosses
  15. damaging
  16. deprivation
  17. dioxide
  18. diseases
  19. displacing
  20. emphysema
  21. enable
  22. exchange
  23. fills
  24. gas
  25. hairlike
  26. hemoglobin
  27. increases
  28. infections
  29. job
  30. lead
  31. likelihood
  32. lungs
  33. membrane
  34. monoxide
  35. oxygen
  36. reasons
  37. sacs
  38. shortness
  39. smoke
  40. smoking
  41. structures
  42. tiny
  43. toxic
  44. transported